The inverter not only has the function of DC to AC conversion, but also has the function of maximizing the performance of solar cells and the function of system fault protection. In summary, there are automatic operation and shutdown functions, maximum power tracking control functions, anti-solitary operation functions (for grid-connected systems), automatic voltage adjustment functions (for grid-connected systems), DC detection functions (for grid-connected systems), and DC grounding detection function (for grid-connected systems).

The following briefly introduces the automatic operation and shutdown functions and the maximum power tracking control function:

1. Automatic operation and shutdown function

After sunrise in the morning, the intensity of solar radiation increases gradually, and the output of solar cells also increases accordingly. When the output power required by the inverter is reached, the inverter starts to run automatically. After starting to run, the inverter will monitor the output of the solar cell components all the time, as long as the output power of the solar cell components is greater than the output power required by the inverter, the inverter will continue to run; it will stop until sunset, even on cloudy and rainy days The inverter also works. When the output of the solar cell module becomes smaller and the output of the inverter is close to 0, the inverter will form a standby state.

2. Maximum power tracking control function

The output of the solar cell module varies with the intensity of solar radiation and the temperature of the solar cell module itself. In addition, because the solar cell module has the characteristic that the voltage decreases with the increase of the current, so there is an optimal operating point that can obtain the maximum power. The intensity of solar radiation is changing, and obviously the best working point is also changing. Relative to these changes, the operating point of the solar cell module is always at the maximum power point, and the system always obtains the maximum power output from the solar cell module. This kind of control is maximum power tracking control. The biggest feature of the inverter used in the solar power generation system is that it includes the function of maximum power point tracking.

The characteristics of photovoltaic inverters are:

1. Higher efficiency. Due to the high price of solar cells at present, in order to maximize the use of solar cells and improve system efficiency, it is necessary to try to improve the efficiency of the inverter.

2. High reliability. At present, the photovoltaic power station system is mainly used in remote areas, and many power stations are unattended and maintained. This requires the inverter to have a reasonable circuit structure, strict component selection, and requires the inverter to have various protection functions, such as input DC Polarity reversal protection, AC output short-circuit protection, over-temperature and overload protection, etc.

3. แรงดันไฟฟ้าอินพุตมีการปรับตัวที่หลากหลาย เนื่องจากแรงดันที่ขั้วของเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์เปลี่ยนแปลงไปตามโหลดและความเข้มของแสงแดด โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งเมื่อแบตเตอรี่มีอายุมากขึ้น แรงดันที่ขั้วจะแปรผันอย่างมาก ตัวอย่างเช่น สำหรับแบตเตอรี่ 12V แรงดันไฟฟ้าของขั้วต่ออาจแตกต่างกันระหว่าง 10V-16V ซึ่งต้องใช้ อินเวอร์เตอร์รับประกันการทำงานปกติภายในช่วงแรงดันไฟฟ้าอินพุต DC ขนาดใหญ่